МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ОЦЕНКЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ ЛЕСНОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА В УСЛОВИЯХ КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32014/2026.2518-1467.1218Ключевые слова:
лесное хозяйство Казахстана, экономическая эффективность, климатические изменения, методические подходы, устойчивое природопользование, управление лесными ресурсами, интегративная оценка.Аннотация
In the context of increasing climate change, the effective use and reproduction of forest resources is of particular importance for the sustainable development of environmental management in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Limited forest areas, high vulnerability of ecosystems to droughts, forest fires and degradation, as well as the need to ensure the environmental and economic sustainability of the industry make it urgent to develop scientifically sound methods for assessing the economic efficiency of forestry. The purpose of the study is to develop and substantiate the author's methodological approach to assessing the economic efficiency of forestry in Kazakhstan, taking into account climatic factors. The developed approach is based on the integration of economic, resource, and climate indicators into a single comprehensive efficiency index that reflects both the benefits of using forest resources and the costs of their reproduction, protection, and reforestation, taking into account the impact of climate risks on the industry. The application of this approach allows for a more objective assessment of the results of forestry operations, identification of key factors affecting management effectiveness, and formation of practical recommendations for improving the sustainability and effectiveness of the industry. The study revealed that traditional assessment methods, focused mainly on financial indicators and forest management volumes, do not take into account the long-term nature of forest reproduction and the impact of climate risks, which reduces the accuracy of management decisions. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the development of a comprehensive methodological approach adapted to the specifics of Kazakhstan, ensuring the integration of economic and resource-environmental indicators and allowing for a more informed assessment of the effectiveness of forestry. The practical significance of the approach lies in the possibility of its use by forest fund management bodies and scientific organizations to develop strategies to increase the sustainability of the industry.
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