BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SPECIES OF PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL FUNGI AFFECTING TOMATOES (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.) IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF KAZAKHSTAN

Аннотация

The article considers studies designed to justify the types of pathogens of tomatoes that occur during
vegetation and storage, and measures to combat them. The work was carried out in 2019 on a land plot near the rural
districts of Babaykorgan, Zhuynek, and Issa of the Turkestan region. As it became known, the growth period of
vegetable seedlings depends on the temperature of the soil. In our experience, the seed material was planted in the
open ground in early April. The soil was very hot and moist. Depending on the culture and varietal characteristics,
the sprouts appeared on 6-15 days after sowing. The results of phytopathological control showed that various
varieties of all types of tomatoes were affected by phytopathogenic microorganisms. During the growing season, the
most dangerous disease in tomato fruit was apical rot of the fruit, which led to a significant decrease in the yield. The
leaves are widely developed early blight and verticillus. Late blight at the end of the growing season was observed in
full on both leaves and fruits (developed during fruit storage). When growing tomato crops at two sites was
dominated by late blight, early blight, verticillus, viral diseases and apical rot. Based on the results of
phytopathological control, it can be concluded that the number of fungal diseases prevailed in plot 1, which is
associated with frequent irrigation on this site, its shading and a large number of fruits on plants. Viral diseases
prevailed in plot 2, which is explained by weeds clogging the plot.