DNA MARKERS CHARACTERISTICS OF RAM HOGS OF MEAT-LARD BREEDS (GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND MEAT PRODUCTIVITY)
Ключевые слова:
meat and lard sheep breeding, selection, meat productivity, morphobiochemical composition of blood, gene polymorphism, DNA markers.Аннотация
The article presents the results of studying the growth, development and meat productivity of meatlard ram hogs, as well as the presence of gene polymorphism in meat-lard sheep.
As a result of studies aimed at investigating the role of marker assessment of sheep, there were obtained data on
the frequency of occurrence of genotypes in the two studied genes associated with the growth rate and meat quality
of sheep. It was found that in the studied sample of sheep, the GH2 and 1(IGF1) genes were polymorphic. The
presence of associations of various genetic variations with one or another level of the studied traits was revealed.
During the experiment, the growth and development of young meat-lard ram hogs from birth to 12 months of
age were monitored by weighing and linear analysis, taking into account the dynamics of changes in live weight and
exterior indicators. It was established that young animals of both breeds had the highest growth energy in the first
month and at the time of weaning. The smallest weight gain was between 4 and 7 months of age, i.e. during the
feeding season.
At the age of 12 months, the Edilbay sheep had a live weight of 61.1 kg, which is 5.7 kg or 9.7% higher than
that of young Kazakh fat-tailed ones. Gimmers of Edilbay breed had a similar advantage. So, at the same age, the
difference in favor of gimmers of Edilbay breed was 4.8 kg or 10.1%.
The results of the control slaughter of one-year-old rams showed the presence of certain interbreed differences
in the main indicators. In terms of pre-slaughter weight, young Edilbay sheep exceeded their peers - the Kazakh fattailed breed by 9.9%, and by carcass weight without a fat tail by 11.7%. The slaughter yield was: in the Edilbay
breed - 49.9, in the Kazakh fat-tailed breed - 48.6%, which is 2.7% lower. The unequal content of protein and fat in
the meat led to different calorific values: higher - 215.6 kcal in Edilbay sheep, and 207.2 kcal in young sheep of the
Kazakh fat-tailed breed, which is 3.9% lower.
Morphobiochemical analysis showed that, in general, blood parameters in young animals of both breeds were
within the physiological standards.
