@article{Salikhov_Pak_2020, title={IONOSPHERIC EFFECTS OF SOLAR FLARES AND EARTHQUAKE ACCORDING TO DOPPLER FREQUENCY SHIFT ON AN INCLINED RADIO PATH}, url={https://journals.nauka-nanrk.kz/physics-mathematics/article/view/470}, abstractNote={<p>The effects in the ionosphere and the fine structure of ionospheric response to the action of X-ray and<br>ultraviolet radiation of C1.7 - M5.2 classes flares occurred during solar cycle 24 (2014–2016) have been studied. The<br>study was carry out using method of Doppler sounding of the ionosphere on an inclined radio path with a high time<br>resolution (sampling frequency 25 Hz), which is based on the principle of the phase locked loop (PLL). It was shown<br>that the intensity of C3.0-class solar flares is a minimum threshold when the appearance of disturbances in the<br>ionosphere could be detected by the Doppler frequency shift (DFS) method. Solar flares less than С3.0-class were<br>not reflected in Doppler frequency variations. The most expressed ionospheric response, recorded in the Doppler<br>frequencies, occurred to X-ray flares with a sharp onset, flares with a smooth increase intensity gave a much less<br>response. An unusual effect of the appearance of high-frequency component in Doppler frequency records in the<br>interference beat form has been detected, indicating the occurrence of ionized heterogeneities in the ionosphere<br>during solar flares. The appearance of high frequency component on the Doppler frequency shift records was also<br>registered during the М5.1 earthquake. The application of Doppler frequency shift method that use the PLL loop has<br>greatly expanded the ability to record and analyze the mechanisms of appearance the ionospheric disturbances during<br>solar flares and earthquakes.</p>}, number={3}, journal={Известия НАН РК. Серия физико-математическая}, author={Salikhov, N.M. and Pak, G.D.}, year={2020}, month={июн.}, pages={108–117} }